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Saudi, UAE dreams of Middle East dominance inflame regional conflicts

News Agency nabakhabar — Sun, 14 Apr 2024 23:13:51 +0000

The Saudi-UAE cold war with Iran has been a hot war for most of the Middle East. Lebanon, Syria, Iraq and Yemen bare the brutal scars of outside powers competing for influence.

Against the backdrop of a deteriorating security situation in Idlib with Syrian regime leader Bashar al Assad’s onslaught looming above a defenceless and besieged population, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan is negotiating with all parties to weather the storm in Idlib and find an acceptable solution.

As Turkey gains its rightful place as a force for good in a troubled and dangerous world, it is perhaps time to determine the responsibilities of the various actors, not for revenge and retribution, but rather for reflection and memory. In this process, one can also analyse some of the geopolitical patterns that further weakened an already fragile situation in the Middle East, which in turn rendered peace and stability increasingly distant prospects in the region.

The competition between Saudi Arabia and Iran is illustrative of Saudi Arabia’s counterproductive behaviour in the international arena. Ever since the 1979 Iranian revolution, the Gulf has been trying to contain Tehran’s aggressive foreign policy orientation. However, it was the disastrous US intervention in Iraq in 2003, and the subsequent “de-Baathification” policy implemented by America’s viceroy in Iraq, Paul Bremmer, which surrendered Iraq to pro-Iranian forces.

Ever since, the region’s balance has tilted in Iran’s direction, increasing the latter’s appetite for more power-grabbing outside its borders creating a domino effect of sectarian violence in the region.

The rise of Iranian proxies in countries like Iraq, Lebanon, Yemen and Syria has pushed Saudi Arabia and Iran into a bitter cold war. The tense political environment has been further complicated by these two regimes’ religious and ideological competition, as both aspire to impose their brands of Islam on the Muslim world.

However, instead of building a strong coalition with their natural allies, the Saudis fought other Sunni forces even more ferociously than their Shia foes. Turkey, which represents the sole successful model for development and progress in the region, has been specifically targeted.

Riyadh’s opposition to the “Arab Spring”, that started in Tunisia in late 2010 and spilt over to other Arab countries, was also vicious and intractable. Seeing that the uprisings were about to dismantle the old authoritarian order, the Saudis joined forces with the UAE to impede its expansion at all costs.

These two countries supported proxies that carried out a coup d’etat (e.g. Egypt) and advised them to utilise counter-revolutionary movements and terrorist groups to shift the uprising from peaceful demonstrations into armed conflicts as it happened in Libya, Yemen, and Syria.

The fact that Iran was also vehemently opposed to the “Arab Spring” led Tehran unleash its support for terror groups in the region. Consequently, these conflicts escalated into sectarian civil wars.

Despite the heavy Iranian intervention, the Saudi-UAE axis moved ahead with their plans to undermine Sunni forces. In the case of Syria, the axis’ meddling is a textbook example of how to implode a revolution from within. This was primarily done by strengthening the most radical elements while weakening the more moderate forces.

The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), which specialises in researching conflicts and armaments, documented that from late 2012 to early 2013, 37 military cargo flights destined to extremist forces in Syria originated from various parts of Saudi Arabia. There were also 36 additional flights from Croatia to Jordan, which carried large amounts of weapons from the former Yugoslavia but were purchased in fact by the Saudis. At that juncture, Jordanian authorities also claimed to have seized several lorry loads of arms destined for Syria that had come from Riyadh, which can only reveal that a land route had been operational.

The Saudi-UAE axis was so blatant in grooming extremist elements that even former US Vice President Joe Biden publicly criticised the actions. At Harvard’s Kennedy School in 2014 he said, “the Saudis, the Emirates [UAE], etc. were so determined to take down Assad and essentially have a proxy Sunni-Shia war [that] they poured hundreds of millions of dollars and tens of thousands of tons of military weapons into anyone who would fight against Assad, except the people who were being supplied were Al Nusra and Al Qaeda.”

The ensuing internecine feuds within the opposition, the rise of the most extremist elements—who vehemently resisted any attempts at political resolutions—bear the hallmarks of the Saudi-UAE modus operandi.

Steered by an impetuous leader, Riyadh has further weakened the Sunni sphere, and the geo-strategic costs of the Saudis’ erratic behavior are mounting.

Riyadh continues to create havoc in its neighborhood by venturing into an unwinnable war in Yemen and blockading Qatar.

In the interim, the situation in Syria worsens every day. While Turkey’s President Recep Tayyip Erdogan urged the international community to be aware of its responsibilities in Syria, the UN, the EU, and the Arab States continue to sit on the fence waiting for the dust to settle. Washington on the other hand is waging an economic war on Turkey and is intensifying its support for the Syrian branch of the internationally-recognised terror group, the PKK.

Even so, Ankara is sparing no effort to stop a full-fledged Russian attack in Idlib by trying to neutralise the most radical groups, which were funded and supported by the Saudi-UAE axis. For their part, the legitimate Syrian opposition is pinning its last hopes on Turkey to prevent a bloodbath that could represent a severe blow to their aspirations for freedom and liberty.

In its defence of the Idlib population, the Turkish presidency proves that right makes might and not vice versa.

People in the Middle East and North Africa are taking note of Turkey’s principled and humanitarian-driven foreign policy and continue to dream of a day where a new and better order will govern their realm. In the meantime, one should neither forget nor forgive the dark Saudi role in fostering extremism and creating more avenues for foreign intervention in the region.

Turkey, as a matter of fact, has always considered the Saudis as friends. However, during these times and as the old adage goes, it is certainly better to have intelligent enemies than stupid friends.

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Saudi might accept Chinese yuan for oil sales, straining US relations

News Agency nabakhabar — Tue, 22 Mar 2022 14:40:40 +0000

Saudi Arabian and Chinese officials are discussing pricing some of the Gulf nation’s oil sales in yuan, rather than U.S. dollars or euros, the Wall Street Journal has reported.

After six years of intermittent discussions, the talks reportedly gained momentum in 2022, with Riyadh disgruntled over the nuclear negotiations between the U.S. and Iran and its lack of backing for Saudi Arabia’s military operation in Yemen.

According to the Wall Street Journal, some 80 percent of global oil sales are priced in U.S. dollars, and since the mid-1970s the Saudis have exclusively used the currency for oil trading as part of a security agreement with the U.S. government.

The talks are part of Beijing’s efforts to see its currency used in international oil markets and strengthen its relationship with Saudi Arabia. Beijing previously aided Riyadh in the construction of ballistic missiles and consultation on nuclear power.

At the same time, relations between Saudi Arabia and the U.S. have been increasingly strained.

Citing China’s General Administration of Customs, the Wall Street Journal reported that China’s economic relationship with Saudi Arabia has grown closer, with the kingdom providing 1.76 million barrels of oil per day to China in 2021.

While Saudi Arabia plans to maintain the U.S. dollar for the majority of its oil trading, such a shift could create a domino effect for China’s other major oil suppliers, including Russia, Angola and Iraq.

Saudi Arabia previously threatened to sell in other currencies in 2019 if the U.S. Congress passed a bill that would allow antitrust liabilities for OPEC members.

But the bill, which has been introduced numerous times over the years, most recently failed again.

The report this week also comes as the U.S. appealed to the Saudis to pump more oil to offset soaring gas prices caused by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

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Hezbollah to Saudi: We’ll Pluck Out Eyes Threatening Lebanon

News Agency nabakhabar — Fri, 05 Nov 2021 19:27:24 +0000

Head of Hezbollah Executive Council, Sayyed Hashem Safieddine, stressed that Hezbollah will remain defending Lebanon’s dignity, warning the Saudi royals against threatening the country.

We will pluck out the eyes threatening Lebanon, Sayyed Safieddine said.

In response to Saudi FM remarks about Hezbollah domination on Lebanon’s political decision-making system, his eminence indicated that were Hezbollah ruling Lebanon, the nation would be totally different

Sayyed Safieddine added that the Saudi regime is trying to stifle all the political voices in Lebanon that would oppose its move of normalizing ties with the Israeli enemy by launching the ongoing diplomatic campaign against the Lebanese information minister George Kordahi.

Saudi has decided to cut diplomatic ties with Lebanon under the pretext of old remarks made by minister Kordahi about the KSA war on Yemen. UAE, Bahrain and Kuwait followed the same path, escalating the diplomatic attack on Lebanon.

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Saudi, Iranian officials held direct talks in Iraq: Report

News Agency nabakhabar — Sun, 18 Apr 2021 17:28:27 +0000

Senior Saudi and Iranian officials held direct talks in a bid to repair relations between the two regional rivals, according to a report in the Financial Times which quoted officials briefed on the discussions.

The first round of the reported talks, held four years after both sides cut off diplomatic ties, took place in Baghdad on April 9 and included discussions about attacks on Saudi Arabia by Yemen’s Iran-backed Houthi group.

The unnamed official quoted in the report said the Saudi delegation was led by Khalid bin Ali al-Humaidan, the kingdom’s intelligence chief, and another round of talks was also scheduled.

There has been no comment from either side following the publishing of the report.

The FT also said that a senior Saudi official denied there had been any talks with Iran.

Lebanon’s pro-Iran Al Mayadeen television channel and UNews news agency on Sunday both cited an Iranian source denying talks with Saudi Arabia.

In recent weeks, Houthi fighters have stepped up missile and drone attacks, often targeting Saudi oil facilities and military points across the kingdom, saying they are in response to deadly Saudi air raids in Yemen.

Saudi Arabia accuses Iran of smuggling weapons to the Houthis, who have control the Yemeni capital Sanaa since 2015.

The news comes as the US and Iran try to revive a 2015 nuclear deal that Saudi Arabia has opposed.

Riyadh has called for a nuclear deal with stronger parameters and said Gulf states should join any negotiations on the accord to ensure that this time it addresses Iran’s missiles program and its support for regional proxies.

The US has also pressed for an end to the Yemen conflict, seen in the region as a proxy war between Saudi Arabia and Iran.

The report added that Iraq’s Prime Minister Mustafa al-Kadhimi visited Saudi Arabia late last month and has been facilitating the “process”.

Citing an Iraqi official, FT reported that Baghdad also facilitated “communication channels” for Iran with Egypt and Jordan.

“The [Iraqi] prime minister is very keen to personally play a role in turning Iraq into a bridge between these antagonistic powers in the region,” the official said. “It’s in Iraq’s interest that it can play this role. The more confrontation you have in the region, the more they play out here… and these talks have been taking place.”

Iraq is also home to powerful Iranian-backed militia groups, as well as US troops, and has often been used as a battleground.

In January 2020, a US drone strike killed Iran’s revered general Qassem Soleimani and Iraqi militia commander, Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis, pushing Washington and Tehran to the brink of war.

Iran retaliated by targeting an Iraqi military airbase where US troops were stationed.

Another official briefed on the latest talks said Kadhimi has “good links into the Iranian system”, FT reported.

“The new thing is Kadhimi playing this role with Saudi Arabia… It’s a good thing Iraq is playing this role, but it’s very early days.”

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Saudi, UAE Forces Partially Withdraw from Yemen’s Ma’rib: Report

News Agency nabakhabar — Wed, 10 Mar 2021 11:00:23 +0000

Riyadh has pulled out its forces from Ma’rib, while Abu Dhabi has taken out its United States-made Patriot missile systems, Sultan al-Arada, Ma’rib’s governor loyal to Yemen’s former Saudi-backed administration, told Yemeni media on Tuesday.

Yemen’s army is in the middle of liberation operations in the provincial capital of the same name, he added, but said the Saudi-backed militants loyal to the ex-government would try to stand in their way.

The coalition began invading Yemen in March 2015 to restore power to the former government, who used to rely excessively on Riyadh’s support. The officials had fled the impoverished country earlier amid a power struggle, refusing a call by the Houthi Ansarullah movement to stay behind and negotiate a solution.

The war has killed tens of thousands of Yemenis and rendered the country into the scene of the world’s worst humanitarian crisis. Yemen’s armed forces that comprise its Army and Popular Committees have, however, never laid down their arms in the face of the invaders and their allied militants.

Over the past three weeks, the Yemeni army, backed popular forces, have been engaged in a new phase of operations aimed at ridding Ma’rib of the presence of the aggressors and their mercenaries.

The push has been received positively by the province’s tribes, which have begun to lend them a hand. The tribal leaders recently held a meeting in the capital, Sana’a, insisting on the need for the expulsion of the “terrorists that have been brought to Ma’rib from outside to further the goals of their masters.”

Latest reports suggest that the Yemeni forces have been closing in on the city and are now only kilometers away from the oil-rich province’s capital.

Also on Tuesday, Lebanon’s al-Akhbar daily published a report, detailing the latest stage of the army’s advances.

According to the report, Yemeni soldiers have been taking control of strategic spots, including villages and military positions, across the western and north-western fronts around the provincial capital over the past 24 hours.

The paper said the victories indicated the military strength of the army and the Popular Committees. The military prowess, it said, had enabled the forces to overcome the areas’ rough and desert terrains at the same time as they were under the constant fire of Saudi and Emirati warplanes.

Yemen’s defenders, it added, have engaged in fierce clashes with forces tied to the former government in Ma’rib’s Sirwah District, overcoming the enemy.

This is while the Saudi-led coalition and its mercenaries are being backed by extremist militias and Takfiri Daesh elements that receive Riyadh’s support in return, al-Akhbar added.

Amid the advances, the coalition’s warplanes carried out as many as 16 airstrikes against Sirwah, targeting the ammunition dumps there.

The Yemeni armed forces are also nearing the Sahn al-Jin military camp in Ma’rib that hosts the former government’s defense ministry, said the daily.

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Yemen’s Ansarullah, Saudi-Backed Ex-Govt. Agree to Swap 1,000 Prisoners

News Agency nabakhabar — Sun, 27 Sep 2020 13:07:49 +0000

Representatives from both sides met in Geneva to discuss the exchange of 1,008 prisoners and detainees, Anadolu Agency reported.

Saudi soldiers will reportedly be included in the exchange but no information was shared about the number.

Saudi Arabia and a number of its allies launched a devastating campaign against Yemen in March 2015, with the goal of bringing the former regime of Abd Rabbuh Mansour Hadi back to power.

The US-based Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED), a nonprofit conflict-research organization, estimates that the war has claimed more than 91,000 over the past four and a half years.

The war has also taken a heavy toll on the country’s infrastructure, destroying hospitals, schools, and factories. The UN says over 24 million Yemenis are in dire need of humanitarian aid, including 10 million suffering from extreme levels of hunger.

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Saudi, UAE Used Cluster Bombs in Yemen’s Hudaydah: UN Official

News Agency nabakhabar — Wed, 02 Sep 2020 17:16:12 +0000

The Head of the UN Mission to Support the Hudaydah Agreement (UNMHA) in Yemen, Lieutenant General Abhijit Guha, said in a statement on Tuesday that he is concerned about repeated Saudi-UAE airstrikes in the al-Arj area of the province between August 16 and 23, the Yemeni al-Mahrah Post website reported.

Guha noted that the heavy fighting that broke out around the city of Hudaydah on August 27 in addition to “reports of the use of cluster weapons during one of these airstrikes” is of “special concern.”

The senior UN official then called on parties to the Yemen conflict to “desist from any measures that harm the implementation of Hudaydah agreement.”

Delegates from the Houthi Ansarullah movement and representatives loyal to former Yemeni president Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi held a round of peace negotiations in Rimbo, north of the Swedish capital city of Stockholm, in December 2018.

The talks resulted in the announcement of an agreement, which included a ceasefire along the Hudaydah front and the redeployment of armed forces out of the city and its port. The deal also mandated the UN to oversee the truce.

Guha further urged all warring parties in Yemen to “refrain from any other activities that put the lives of civilians in Hudaydah province in danger.”

Back on 23 August, an official source from the Ansarullah movement said the Saudi-led military coalition had used a cluster bomb on a farm in al-Arj area of the Bajil district.

Yemen’s Ministry of Human Rights, in a statement released by the official SABA news agency on June 10, warned that cluster munitions pose a serious danger to the lives of civilians, especially women and children, if they come in close contact with them.

The statement added that the Saudi-led alliance has used thousands of cluster bombs on residential areas, leaving many civilians dead or injured. Unexploded submunitions risk the lives of locals in the targeted areas as well.

Also on Tuesday, the Yemeni Ministry of Public Health and Population censured latest remarks by the United Nations Special Envoy for Yemen Martin Griffiths, in which he apparently overlooked the disastrous effects of the Saudi-led coalition’s continued siege and detention of fuel tankers off the coast of Yemen.

“After nearly four months that the Saudi-led coalition has been preventing fuel vessels from mooring in Hudaydah port and affecting vital sectors and service facilities, the UN envoy surprised us” with his statement, the spokesman for the ministry, Dr. Yousef al-Hadhiri said.

“Griffiths utterly disregards the Yemeni health sector and the immediate impacts on it in the statement. The statement neither helps reveal the truth nor conceals the falsehood,” Hadhiri added.

He emphasized, “Such neglect did not take place by mistake, but was rather deliberate in order to cover up the humanitarian gap that could draw the attention of the international community to the humanitarian catastrophe that Yemen suffers from.”

The top Yemeni official argued that “Griffiths, in his statement, has not pointed to the fact that the continued detention of fuel tankers affects 80% of patients with chronic diseases and those injured in accidents, who are in the countryside and have no access to necessary health services in city centers.”

“We in the Ministry of Public Health and Population condemn the UN envoy’s clear and scandalous bias towards murderous criminals committed by the Saudi-led coalition and its mercenaries,” Hadhiri said.

“Griffiths’ tenure as the UN special envoy for Yemen has not witnessed any improvement or progress in the living standards of Yemenis in the face of the siege and aggression they have been suffering for more than 65 months.”

Saudi Arabia and a number of its regional allies launched the campaign against Yemen in March 2015, with the goal of bringing Hadi’s government back to power.

The US-based Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED), a nonprofit conflict-research organization, estimates that the war has claimed more than 100,000 lives for more than the past five years.

The Houthi movement, backed by the armed forces, has been defending Yemen against the Saudi-led alliance, preventing the aggressors from fulfilling the objectives of their deadly campaign.

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Saudi threatens new oil-price war with OPEC members

News Agency nabakhabar — Wed, 22 Jul 2020 10:50:32 +0000

OPEC logo is pictured ahead of an informal meeting between members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. (Reuters photo)

Saudi Arabia has issued a dire warning with OPEC members, Nigeria and Angola, warning that it would ignite an oil-price war with them unless they toe the line.

In June, OPEC+ members agreed to continue reducing production in an effort to boost oil prices and what they did has helped stem the previous decline in oil prices.

Yet, there are still countries that are refusing to comply. In the meeting, OPEC members identified Iraq, Kazakhstan, Nigeria, and Angola, as key culprits among others. However, Saudi Arabia and Russia could convince Iraq to abide and compensate for its previous lack of compliance.

Now, Saudi Arabia has threatened Nigeria and Angola, with the Wall Street Journal reporting that the kingdom has asked the two countries for a detailed description about how they plan to comply.

The ultimatum has been issued by Saudi energy minister Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman in recent weeks.

Riyadh has threatened to begin a price war with them should they fail to comply. It can start the war by offering its crude oil at a special discount to the main customers like India and China.

One of the consequences of a new price war is that it would result in a sharp decline in crude oil price.

Meanwhile, crude oil price rose for the second straight day on Thursday as traders ignore the surge in coronavirus cases around the world especially in the United States.

While, Brent, the international benchmark went up by 0.70% to $42, the West Texas Intermediate (WTI) rose by 0.65% to $40.0.

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Saudi Aramco reveals attack damage at oil production plants

News Agency nabakhabar — Sun, 22 Sep 2019 07:31:27 +0000

Repair work is underway at two Saudi Aramco oil facilities after predawn attacks on Saturday forced the kingdom to shut down half its total oil production.

The strikes targeted Saudi Arabia’s Abqaiq and Khurais oil facilities, sparking concern about global oil supply stability, which sent crude prices soaring by double digits.

Abqaiq, located in the kingdom’s oil-rich Eastern province, is the world’s largest oil processing facility and crude oil stabilization plant with a processing capacity of more than 7 million barrels per day (bpd). Khurais, which lies about 110 miles southwest of Abqaiq, has capacity to pump around 1.5 million bpd.

Damaged installation at Saudi Arabia’s Khurais oil processing plant, pictured on September 20, 2019. Umair Sultan

In a tour run by the state-owned oil company, reporters were shown the damage at Aramco’s facilities and the rebuilding work taking place. A company executive conducting the tour told CNBC’s Hadley Gamble that 200 people were inside the Khurais facility when the sudden attack targeted four separate locations at the production plants.

The officials added that by the time the staff at the Khurais facility had attempted to put the fires out from the first wave of attacks, more strikes had targeted the plant.

The tour of the Khurais site revealed melted pipes and burnt areas which are now busy being repaired. Officials said 30% of the facility was back up and running within 24 hours and full production at Khurais will be reached before the end of September.

Damaged installation at Saudi Arabia’s Khurais oil processing plant, pictured on September 20, 2019. Umair Sultan

Debris at Saudi Arabia’s Khurais oil processing plant following drone attacks, pictured on September 20, 2019. Umair Sultan

They added that the full country capacity of around 12 million barrels per day will be available by November, although in recent months the kingdom has been capping daily production at 10 million barrels.

The 70-year-old Abqaiq facility, which Aramco describes as state of the art, was attacked in 18 different locations, according to Saudi officials. Workers at the plant managed to get 2 million bpd of oil production back online within 48 hours and Aramco executives told CNBC on Friday that they are determined to reach normal output by the end of September.

In order to complete the repair work, Saudi Aramco has indicated it needs to ship equipment from both the United States and Europe.

Earlier this week, Saudi Col. Turki al-Maliki, spokesman for the Saudi-led coalition fighting Iranian-backed rebels in Yemen, said during a news briefing that 25 drones and missiles were used in the attack. Saudi authorities and the United States have said the drone and missile debris recovered by investigators, as well as the direction of fire, suggest Iranian culpability. Tehran has denied involvement.

Oil prices have seesawed as the threat of a military response appears to have lessened, but both Brent and West Texas Intermediate appear to be on course for gains of about 7% this week.

Damaged installations at Saudi Arabia’s Abqaiq oil plant, pictured on September 20, 2019. Umair Sultan

Damaged installation at Saudi Arabia’s Abqaiq oil plant, pictured on September 20, 2019. Umair Sultan

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Demonstrations Held in Tripoli against Saudi, Emirati Intervention in Libya

News Agency nabakhabar — Mon, 13 May 2019 18:33:57 +0000

The demonstrators also protested against the silence of the international community and the UN Security Council and called on Arab nations to act and stop the Persian Gulf monarchies especially Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates from interfering in the affairs of other countries, as they have spread nothing but “chaos and destruction” in Iraq, Syria, Yemen, Libya and are trying to destabilize several other countries, the Arabic language Libya-Gate news website reported.

According to a report in April, the United Nations is probing allegations that the United Arab Emirates shipped weapons to support a Libyan warlord’s factions, in violation of an international arms embargo, a key official told The Independent.

The UN has been investigating numerous allegations of arms shipments to either of the two sides in the years-long Libyan conflict.

But coming under particular scrutiny by international officials and Libya experts are allegations that the UAE, an ally of the UK, US, and France, shipped weapons to Libyan warlord Khalifa Haftar even after the self-styled field marshal declared the head of the UN-backed authority in Tripoli, Fayez al-Sarraj, a “terrorist” and issued a warrant for his arrest and other civilian officials.

Haftar launched a surprise attack on Tripoli on 4 April after making quick gains against militias ruling the country’s lawless south.

The conflict has already displaced 18,000 people and left at least 147 people dead, including civilians.

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